COVID-19 Column

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): two case reports from a family cluster

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Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease, firstly appeared in Wuhan city and has rapidly spread to 114 countries outside China, which is receiving worldwide attention. As two important means of examination, computed tomography (CT) and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) have always been controversial in the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Fighting the novel coronavirus: the publication of the Chinese expert consensus on the perinatal and neonatal management for the prevention and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection (First edition)

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Since December 2019, there has been an outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection in China, the first case of which was reported in Wuhan, China. On January 19, 2020, the relevant experts and local government officials briefed the public on the 2019-nCoV outbreak.

Risk factors associated with disease progression in a cohort of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus

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Background: The emerging infection of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in late December, 2019 in Wuhan, China, has caused an extreme health concern, with many patients having progressed to acute respiratory disease or other complications in a short period. Meanwhile, the risk factors associated with the disease progression still remain elusive.

A profiling analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different type of cancers vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection

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Background: The new coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) is now causing a severe public health emergency. The novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) infected individuals by binding human angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) receptor. ACE2 is widely expressed in multiple organs including respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive and urinary systems in healthy individuals.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): the portrait of a perfect storm

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Abstract: The “novel” coronavirus disease 2019 (abbreviated “COVID-19”) is the third coronavirus outbreak emerging during the past two decades. This infectious disease, sustained by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been recently declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. Despite the concerning epidemiological burden, many people, including some policymakers, are underestimating this pandemic and are remaining enigmatically inactive against a human pathology which, for a combination of reasons, can be reasonably defined as a perfect storm (i.e., the “wrong virus” at the “wrong time”).

The challenges in colorectal cancer management during COVID-19 epidemic

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Abstract: It has been over 2 months since the start of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. The epidemic stage of COVID-19 has brought great challenges to the diagnosis and management of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Symptoms, such as fever and cough caused by cancer, and the therapeutic process (including chemotherapy and surgery) should be differentiated from some COVID-19 related characteristics.

The effect of RAS blockers on the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with hypertension

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel coronavirus (designated as SARS-CoV-2) has become a pandemic worldwide. Based on the current reports, hypertension may be associated with increased risk of sever condition in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was recently identified to functional receptor of SARS-CoV-2.

Chinese expert brief consensus on newborn screening of inherited metabolic disorders during the novel coronavirus infection epidemic

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Abstract: Novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) infection (COVID-19) rapidly spread across China and 25 countries in the worldwide, which infected not only adults but also children, even neonates. Each year, about 15 million newborns are delivered in China. Newborn screening (NBS) helps effectively prevent some mental retardation, premature death, and adverse outcomes in the early stage of baby

2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia with onset of dizziness: a case report

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Abstract: The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) epidemic continues, with the number of infections and deaths increasing. The respiratory tract is the main route of transmission of the virus, and the majority of symptoms are respiratory relative. Until now, there has been no reports concerning the nervous system onset.

Prone positioning in high-flow nasal cannula for COVID-19 patients with severe hypoxemia: a pilot study

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The COVID-19 outbreak has become a global pandemic within only a few months. COVID-19 patients complicated with severe hypoxemia usually required high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and mechanical ventilation. Prone positioning is a salvage therapy for refractory hypoxemia and has proven to be effective in increasing tidal volume and improving oxygenation and diaphragmatic function in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (1-3). However, all these studies were conducted in intubated patients.

Organ transplantation management in the midst of the COVID-19 outbreak: a synopsis

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On December 8, 2019, the first case of unexplained pneumonia was reported in China, in Wuhan, Hubei Province (1). By March 6, 2020, over 100,000 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and more than 3,400 deaths have been reported worldwide (data from National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Official Channels of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and World Health Organization). COVID-19, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is bound to have widespread ramifications on the clinical management system, organ transplantation being a prime example.

How does Wuhan respond to 2019-nCoV outbreak when the Spring Festival comes?

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On January 16, after receiving the kits released by the central government, Hubei Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention began to perform pathogen identification on the specimens obtained from Wuhan patients with viral pneumonia of unknown causes. On January 16–17, the national and provincial expert groups confirmed 4 and 17 2019-nCoV patients, respectively, based on the clinical manifestations, epidemiological histories and pathogen testing results.

COVID-19 spread, wildlife protection and the response capacity on public health crisis: empirical research of 31 provinces and cities in China

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Background: According to epidemiological investigation, many cases of coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. It is a respiratory infectious disease caused by human-to-human transmission and the host of COVID-19 is likely to be wild animals. On January 23, 2020, the Chinese government adopted emergency management measures to conduct closed management for Wuhan, and 31 provinces, cities and autonomous regions initiated a first-level emergency response, calling on nationals to isolate themselves at home for 14 days.

The value of CT Imaging for COVID-19 pneumonia: report of a false-negative nucleic acid test case

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In this brief letter we would like to refer to you some information about the value of CT imaging for corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in cases which have inconsistent COVID-19 nucleic acid test. A 34-year-old man had a 1-day history of fever (39.0 ℃) entered our hospital who resided in Wuhan, China (COVID-19 epicenter) but had traveled to Chengdu, China. The detection of Influenza A, B virus antigens was negative.

Xiangya Spirit shines in Wuhan during construction and operation of the cabin hospital for COVID-19 patients

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The alarmingly contagious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak occurred in Wuhan in December 2019. In response to the call of China’s National Health Commission, the Second Xiangya Hospital (SXYH) of Central South University has sent out 4 teams (with a total of 192 members) to Wuhan to fight directly against the epidemic (1). On February 9, SXYH decided to establish the Front-line Command (FLC) of its National Anti-epidemic Medical Team.

A call for caution in extrapolating chest CT sensitivity for COVID-19 derived from hospital data to patients among general population

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I congratulate Ai et al. for their efforts in analysing a large cohort of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients (1). Their results and insights will be helpful for the future in case similar scenario would occur again. However, we need also to re-emphasise the background where and when their data were collected. Their patient data were based in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan and during the period of Jan 6, 2020 to Feb 6, 2020. During this period in Wuhan the attention was mainly paid to the patients with more severe symptoms. While the clinical severity of the patients was not provided in Ai et al.’s paper, it is highly probable that a large proportion of their patients had moderate to severe grades severity.

Unmatched clinical presentation and chest CT manifestation in a patient with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

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An ongoing outbreak of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hit major cities of China, Wuhan, late December 2019 and subsequently spread to other areas of China and countries (1). As of February 16, 2020, there were 68594 confirmed cases in mainland China. Among the confirmed cases, approximately 14.0% were severe (2). The mortality rate of severe patients was 6% (3). Herein, we described the clinical characteristics and chest CT follow-up of a severe COVID-19 patient, whose CT appearance was only moderate, and thus represents a case of mismatch between clinical severity and chest imaging severity.

Chest CT as a screening tool for COVID-19 in unrelated patients and asymptomatic subjects without contact history is unjustified

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The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was firstly identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. In China, the data on 29 Feb 2020 showed the fatality rate was 3.6% (2,835/79,251) with most deaths occurred in Wuhan. The fatality rate outside of Hubei province was 0.85% (111/13,052), with seven provinces/regions without death cases (1).

Persistent viral shedding lasting over 60 days in a mild COVID-19 patient with ongoing positive SARS-CoV-2

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A novel coronavirus named a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is sweeping across the entire world rapidly, infecting enormous number of people. Positive real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid is regarded as the main diagnostic modality for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1). According to the latest Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the median time from onset to clinical recovery for mild cases is approximately 2 weeks (2). Currently, there is no available data to predict how long positive SARS-CoV-2 detectability can last in the COVID-19 patients following recovery of clinical symptoms.

Computed tomography (CT) intestinal alterations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) from the imaging perspective: a case description

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In December 2019, a series of pneumonia cases with unknown etiology emerged in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China (1-3). They were later identified to be caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (4). On February 11, 2020, the disease of pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus was officially named Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). By now, the outbreak of COVID-19 has spread rapidly to more than 150 countries worldwide.

CT imaging of two cases of one family cluster 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia: inconsistency between clinical symptoms amelioration and imaging sign progression

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The emergence and spread of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) from Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China, has become a global health concern (1). Since the detection of the coronavirus in late December 2019, sporadic imported cases among travelers returning from Wuhan and human-to-human transmission have been reported in several non-Wuhan/non-Hubei areas (2,3). We describe the CT features of one family cluster of 2019-nCoV.

Analysis and suggestions for the preview and triage screening of children with suspected COVID-19 outside the epidemic area of Hubei Province

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Background: Since December 2019, a number of patients infected with COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) have been identified in Wuhan, Hubei, China. As the epidemic has spread, similar cases have also been found in other parts of mainland China and abroad. The main reason for this spread is the highly contagious nature of the virus and the fact that children can also become infected during its incubation period. This has made the virus a substantial challenge for the outpatient triage staff of children’s hospitals outside the epidemic area of the Hubei Province. It is very important for the preview and triage personnel to accurately grasp the epidemiology of the virus and identify children’s symptoms in the fever clinic.

Anxiety in Chinese pediatric medical staff during the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019: a cross-sectional study

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Backgrounds: Our study aimed to explore the anxiety levels and possible associated factors in the pediatric medical staff in Jiangsu province during an outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods: Pediatric medical staff (n=534) from nine hospitals in Jiangsu province were enrolled. Theiranxiety levels and quality of sleep were assessed using the online SAS and PSQI questionnaires.

Comprehensive update on current outbreak of novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV)

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Recently, a new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has emerged as a respiratory infection with significant concern for global public health hazards. With an initial suspicion of the animal to the human transmission for earlier cases, now the paradigm has shifted towards human to human transmission via droplets, contacts and/or through fomites. with each passing day, more and more confirmed cases are being reported worldwide which has alarmed the global authorities including World Health Organization (WHO)

Early estimation of the case fatality rate of COVID-19 in mainland China: a data-driven analysis

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Backgrounds: An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2], named COVID-19, hit a major city of China, Wuhan in December 2019 and subsequently spread to other provinces/regions of China and overseas. Several studies have been done to estimate the basic reproduction number in the early phase of this outbreak, yet there are no reliable estimates of case fatality rate (CFR) for COVID-19 to date.

The role of CT for Covid-19 patient’s management remains poorly defined

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In December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified in the viral pneumonia cases occurredin Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; In the following month,the 2019-nCoV quickly spreading inside and outside of Hubei Province and even other countries. Respiratory droplet transmission is the main route of transmission, while it can also be transmitted through contact.

Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia

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Background: The newly identified 2019-nCoV, which appears to have originated in Wuhan, the capitalcity of Hubei province in central China, is spreading rapidly nationwide. A number of cases of neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia have been recorded. However, the clinical features of these cases have not been reported, and there is no sufficient evidence for the proper prevention and control of 2019-nCoV infections in neonates.

Which lessons shall we learn from the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak?

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Two decades after the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and one decade after the middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS), a new outbreak of respiratory illness sustained by a member of the coronavirus (CoV) family has been first identified in Wuhan (Hubei Province, China), and is rapidly spreading around the world.
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Disclosure:
The series “COVID-19 Column” was commissioned by the editorial office, Annals of Translational Medicine without any sponsorship or funding.