TG4010 immunotherapy: a novel weapon against advanced non-small cell lung cancer?

Over 1.5 million new cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a highly aggressive disease, are registered worldwide every year (1). Until the 1980s, treatment generally yielded poor outcomes (2), and prognosis was only good for early stages of operable disease. However, advances in targeted molecular therapy since 2005 have brought new hope to patients with advanced NSCLC, especially those harboring the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation in exons 18, 19 and 21 (3).