The gender paradox in TAVR

In the era prior to transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), several studies have suggested that women have been less frequently referred to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) due to various reasons (1). At age younger than 65 years, gender does not seem to play a major role in referral to SAVR. However, among octogenarians and nonagenarians, women were unequally denied of SAVR (2). In the TAVR era things have changed, in most TAVR studies, female patients are equally represented (3,4).