Editorial Commentary


Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease alters immune cell composition and immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer

Marcos Magalhães Filho, Pedro N. Aguiar Jr, Ramon Andrade de Mello

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) commits more than 5% of the population and it is associated with high mortality with approximately 3.2 million deaths in the world in 2015, a raise of 41.9% compared to 1990 (1).

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