Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) animal model to understand pathophysiology of osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world. Many researchers have attempted to determine the exact pathophysiology of OA. Although the biochemical changes that drive the disease remain poorly understood but the anatomical changes that occurs are well characterized. The hallmark changes that are seen in OA include joint space narrowing, subchondral cyst formation, subchondral sclerosis, and osteophyte formation.