Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide, with approximately 1.6 million deaths recorded in 2015. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 80–85% of cases. Despite broad advances in diagnostics and therapy, the 5-year overall survival for patients with advanced NSCLC has not significantly changed over the past few years. Following the decoding of human cancer genome and the advent of therapies targeting driver mutations, the choice of systemic therapy changed from “one size fits all” approach to a more precise selection of biologic therapies targeting distinct genetic profiles, the so-called “precision” medicine.
